Genetic structure in the nonbreeding range of rufa Red Knots suggests distinct Arctic breeding populations

Abstract An understanding of the migratory connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding areas is fundamental to management long-distance migrants under pressure from habitat change along their flyways. Here we describe evidence for genetic structure within range endangered Arctic-Canadian rufa subspecies Red Knots (Calidris canutus). Using blood tissue samples major regions in Argentina (Tierra del Fuego Río Negro), northern Brazil (Maranhão), southeastern USA (Florida), estimated 514 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci, applying cluster assignment analyses DAPC, assignPOP, STRUCTURE. a priori location information, individuals could be correctly re-assigned regions, which validated that accuracy data was sufficient. Without using detected 3–5 genotype clusters, posterior probabilities these clusters varied among three regions. Lastly chi-square test confirmed allele frequencies significantly rejecting hypothesis were drawn single gene pool. Our findings hint at undescribed Knot Canadian Arctic indicate each area this study hosts different subsample populations. The observation sites contain pools argues separate conservation sites.